Thymulin Research

Reference · Sources

Thymulin References

Every quantitative claim on this site resolves to one of these sources. Primary literature first: peer-reviewed journals, indexed in PubMed, with DOIs where available.

Back to the researchThe neuroendocrine axis

About these thymulin references

These are the sources behind the thymulin digest. The record is weighted toward foundational mechanism and review work — the zinc-conformation studies, the human zinc-deficiency study, the thymus–neuroendocrine reviews, and the gene-therapy series — because that is where the thymulin literature is strongest. The human clinical entries are deliberately few and dated, which reflects the field, not a gap in this list. Each citation includes a PubMed identifier (PMID) and, where one exists, a DOI; the full list is below.

  1. Dardenne M, Pléau JM, Nabarra B, Lefrancier P, Derrien M, Choay J, Bach JF. Contribution of zinc and other metals to the biological activity of the serum thymic factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982;79(17):5370-3. ↗
  2. Dardenne M, Pléau JM. Interactions between zinc and thymulin. Met Based Drugs. 1994;1(2-3):233-9. ↗
  3. Prasad AS, Meftah S, Abdallah J, Kaplan J, Brewer GJ, Bach JF, Dardenne M. Serum thymulin in human zinc deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1988;82(4):1202-10. ↗
  4. Reggiani PC, Morel GR, Cónsole GM, Barbeito CG, Rodriguez SS, Brown OA, Bellini MJ, Pléau JM, Dardenne M, Goya RG. The thymus-neuroendocrine axis: physiology, molecular biology, and therapeutic potential of the thymic peptide thymulin. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009;1153:98-106. ↗
  5. Reggiani PC, Schwerdt JI, Cónsole GM, Roggero EA, Dardenne M, Goya RG. Physiology and therapeutic potential of the thymic peptide thymulin. Curr Pharm Des. 2014;20(29):4690-6. ↗
  6. Novoselova EG, Khrenov MO, Glushkova OV, Lunin SM, Parfenyuk SB, Novoselova TV, Fesenko EE. Anti-inflammatory effects of IKK inhibitor XII, thymulin, and fat-soluble antioxidants in LPS-treated mice. Mediators Inflamm. 2014;2014:724838. ↗
  7. da Silva AL, de Oliveira GP, Kim N, Cruz FF, Kitoko JZ, Blanco NG, Martini SV, Hanes J, Rocco PRM, Suk JS, Morales MM. Nanoparticle-based thymulin gene therapy therapeutically reverses key pathology of experimental allergic asthma. Sci Adv. 2020;6(24):eaay7973. ↗
  8. Reggiani PC, Hereñú CB, Rimoldi OJ, Brown OA, Pléau JM, Dardenne M, Goya RG. Gene therapy for long-term restoration of circulating thymulin in thymectomized mice and rats. Gene Ther. 2006;13(16):1214-21. ↗
  9. Reggiani PC, Poch B, Cónsole GM, Rimoldi OJ, Schwerdt JI, Tüngler V, Garcia-Bravo MM, Dardenne M. Thymulin-based gene therapy and pituitary function in animal models of aging. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2011;18(5):350-6. ↗
  10. Reggiani PC, Barbeito CG, Zuccolilli GO, Cónsole GM, Flamini AM, Dardenne M, Goya RG. Neonatal thymulin gene therapy prevents ovarian dysgenesis and attenuates reproductive derangements in nude female mice. Endocrinology. 2012;153(8):3922-8. ↗
  11. Hadley AJ, Rantle CM, Buckingham JC. Thymulin stimulates corticotrophin release and cyclic nucleotide formation in the rat anterior pituitary gland. Neuroimmunomodulation. 1997;4(2):62-9. ↗
  12. Faure GC, Bene MC, Thomas P, Tamisier JN. An open trial of thymulin (FTS-Zn) in rheumatoid arthritis patients: sequential clinical and immunological follow-up. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1987;5(3):291-3. ↗
  13. Faure G, Bene MC, Tamisier JN, Gaucher A, Duheille J. Thymulin (FTS-Zn) induced in vitro modulation of T cell subsets markers on lymphocytes from rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Int J Immunopharmacol. 1984;6(4):381-8. ↗
  14. Wang W, Thomas R, Oh J, Su DM. Thymic Aging May Be Associated with COVID-19 Pathophysiology in the Elderly. Cells. 2021;10(3):628. ↗
  15. Wise T, Ford JJ. Effects of the thymic peptide thymulin on in vitro and in vivo testicular steroid concentrations in white composite and Meishan boars. J Anim Sci. 1999;77(8):2240-51. ↗